In our guide today, we’ll discuss how you can install MariaDB 10.4 on Kali Linux (2020.x) release. MariaDB is a drop-in replacement of MySQL with more features, new storage engines, and better performance. You can get all the details on MariaDB 10.4 features from the project website.
As of this article writing, MariaDB 10.4 is the latest stable release of MariaDB Database Management system installable on Linux and some BSD systems. Before we install MariaDB on Kali Linux, we will add the official MariaDB apt repository, then install all dependencies and actual MariaDB packages from it.
Step 1: Update System
Let’s ensure our system is updated.
sudo apt updateIf it is okay for you to update all installed packages, you can run the upgrade command then reboot the system.
sudo apt upgrade
sudo rebootStep 2: Add MariaDB APT repository to Kali Linux
We’ll use the MariaDB apt repository for Debian 10 (Buster). Ensure you install the following software dependencies.
sudo apt -y install software-properties-common gnupg2Then add MariaDB APT repository to Kali Linux.
sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 0xF1656F24C74CD1D8
echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://mariadb.mirror.liquidtelecom.com/repo/10.4/debian buster main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mariadb.listThen update your APT index before the actual installation of MariaDB on Kali Linux.
$ sudo apt update
Get:1 http://mariadb.mirror.liquidtelecom.com/repo/10.4/debian buster InRelease [3,154 B]
Get:2 http://mariadb.mirror.liquidtelecom.com/repo/10.4/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [28.0 kB]
Hit:3 http://kali.download/kali kali-rolling InRelease
Fetched 31.1 kB in 1s (29.4 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
839 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.Step 3: Install MariaDB 10.4 on Kali Linux
After addition of the repository, we can install MariaDB 10.4 server and client software packages on Kali Linux using the apt package manager.
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-clientIf you had mysql-common package installed, you may have to remove it.
sudo apt remove mysql-commonHit the y key on the keyboard when prompted to begin installation.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
libconfig-inifiles-perl
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following additional packages will be installed:
galera-4 mariadb-client-10.4 mariadb-client-core-10.4 mariadb-common mariadb-server-10.4 mariadb-server-core-10.4
Suggested packages:
mailx mariadb-test netcat-openbsd tinyca
The following packages will be REMOVED:
default-mysql-server galera-3 mariadb-client-10.3 mariadb-client-core-10.3 mariadb-server-10.3 mariadb-server-core-10.3
The following NEW packages will be installed:
galera-4 mariadb-client mariadb-client-10.4 mariadb-client-core-10.4 mariadb-server mariadb-server-10.4 mariadb-server-core-10.4
The following packages will be upgraded:
mariadb-common
1 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 6 to remove and 838 not upgraded.
Need to get 25.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 47.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] yStart and enable mariadb service after installation.
sudo systemctl enable --now mariadbConfirm the service is started.
Step 4: Secure MariaDB server
Now run the secure script to set root password, remove test database and disable remote root user login.
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.
You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] y
Enabled successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Change the root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!You now need to provide username and password to access MySQL console. Without authentication, you’ll get access denied error.
$ mysql -u root
ERROR 1698 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'Use the -p option to authenticate.
$ mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MariaDB connection id is 59 Server version: 10.4.12-MariaDB-1:10.4.12 maria~buster-log mariadb.org binary distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT VERSION(); -------------------------------------------- | VERSION() | -------------------------------------------- | 10.4.12-MariaDB-1:10.4.12 maria~buster-log | -------------------------------------------- 1 row in set (0.000 sec)
Best MySQL Study books:
- Murach’s MySQL (3rd Edition)
- MySQL (5th Edition) (Developer’s Library)
- MySQL Explained: Your Step By Step Guide to Database Design
- Getting Started With SQL – A Hands-On Approach for Beginners – a simple, to-the-point introductory read that’ll touch on the practical implications of SQL. Here, a reader gets introduced concisely to all the basics of the language;
- Head First SQL – Your Brain on SQL – A Learner’s Guide;
- SQL Cookbook: Query Solutions and Database Techniques for Database Developers – a book is full of hacks and tips that can be applied in day-to-day database management;
- Teach Yourself MS SQL Server – a fairly old book, yet, it covers all the aspects of SQL Server on a high level;
- Effective SQL – an easy-to-read guide book that explores SQL features. Keep in mind that you might need some SQL knowledge to apply the ideas that have been laid out.
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