Roundcube is a free and open source webmail client written in PHP. A webmail is a mail client in your browser, which means instead of reading and sending emails from a desktop mail client like Mozilla Thunderbird, you can access your email from a web browser. Roundcube functionality includes MIME support, address book, folder management, message searching and spell checking. This tutorial is going to show you how to install Roundcube webmail on Ubuntu 18.04 with Apache or Nginx web server.

Roundcube 1.4 Release

Roundcube 1.4 was released on November 10, 2019 after two years of development. This release features:

  • A responsive skin called Elastic with full mobile device support
  • Email Resent (Bounce) feature
  • Improved Mailvelope integration
  • Support for Redis and Memcached cache
  • Support for SMTPUTF8 and GSSAPI
  • Plus numerous improvements and bug fixes

Prerequisites

To follow this tutorial, it’s assumed that

If not, please click the above links and follow the instructions to complete prerequisites. Note that if you set up your email server using iRedMail before, then you server meets all requirements and Roundcube is already installed on your server.

Now let’s proceed to install Roundcube.

Step 1: Download Roundcube Webmail on Ubuntu 18.04

Log in to your Ubuntu server via SSH, then run the following command to download the latest 1.4 stable version from Roundcube Github repository.

wget https://github.com/roundcube/roundcubemail/releases/download/1.4.0/roundcubemail-1.4.0-complete.tar.gz

Note: You can always use the above URL format to download Roundcube from command line. If a new version comes out, simply replace 1.4.0 with the new version number. You can check if there’s new release at Roundcube downloade page.

Extract the tarball, move the newly created folder to web root (/var/www/) and rename it as roundcube at the same time.

tar xvf roundcubemail-1.4.0-complete.tar.gz

sudo mv roundcubemail-1.4.0 /var/www/roundcube

Step 2: Install Dependencies

Run the following command to install required PHP extensions.

sudo apt install php-net-ldap2 php-net-ldap3 php-imagick php7.2-common php7.2-gd php7.2-imap php7.2-json php7.2-curl php7.2-zip php7.2-xml php7.2-mbstring php7.2-bz2 php7.2-intl php7.2-gmp

Install Composer, which is a dependency manager for PHP.

sudo apt install composer

Change into the roundcube directory.

cd /var/www/roundcube

Use Composer to install all needed dependencies (3rd party libraries) for Roundcube Webmail.

composer install --no-dev

If you see the nothing to install or update message, then all dependencies are installed.

Make the web server user (www-data) as the owner of the temp and logs directory so that web server can write to these two directories.

sudo chown www-data:www-data temp/ logs/ -R

Step 3: Create a MariaDB Database and User for Roundcube

Log into MariaDB shell as root.

sudo mysql -u root

Then create a new database for Roundcube using the following command. This tutorial name it roundcube, you can use whatever name you like for the database.

CREATE DATABASE roundcube DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

Next, create a new database user on localhost using the following command. Again, this tutorial name it roundcubeuser, you can use whatever name you like. Replace password with your preferred password.

CREATE USER roundcubeuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

Then grant all permission of the new database to the new user so later on Roundcube webmail can write to the database.

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON roundcube.* TO roundcubeuser@localhost;

Flush the privileges table for the changes to take effect.

flush privileges;

Exit MariaDB Shell:

exit;

Import the initial tables to roundcube database.

sudo mysql roundcube < /var/www/roundcube/SQL/mysql.initial.sql

Step 4: Create Apache Virtual Host or Nginx Config File for Roundcube

Apache

If you use Apache web server, create a virtual host for Roundcube.

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/roundcube.conf

Note: If you followed my Postfix/Dovecot tutorial, an virtual host already exists. you should edit the following file.

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/mail.example.com.conf

Put the following text into the file. Replace mail.example.com with your real domain name and don’t forget to set DNS A record for it.


  ServerName mail.example.com
  DocumentRoot /var/www/roundcube/

  ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/roundcube_error.log
  CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/roundcube_access.log combined

  
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride All
  

  
    Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews
    AllowOverride All
    Order allow,deny
    allow from all

Save and close the file. Then enable this virtual host with:

sudo a2ensite roundcube.conf

Reload Apache for the changes to take effect.

sudo systemctl reload apache2

Now you should be able to see the Roundcube web-based install wizard at http://mail.example.com/installer.

Nginx

If you use Nginx web server, create a virtual host for Roundcube.

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/roundcube.conf

Note: If you followed my Postfix/Dovecot tutorial, an virtual host already exists. you should edit the following file.

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/mail.example.com.conf

Put the following text into the file. Replace the domain name and don’t forget to set DNS A record for it.

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name mail.example.com;
  root /var/www/roundcube/;
  index index.php index.html index.htm;

  error_log /var/log/nginx/roundcube.error;
  access_log /var/log/nginx/roundcube.access;

  location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php;
  }

  location ~ .php$ {
   try_files $uri =404;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
  }

  location ~ /.well-known/acme-challenge {
    allow all;
  }
 location ~ ^/(README|INSTALL|LICENSE|CHANGELOG|UPGRADING)$ {
    deny all;
  }
  location ~ ^/(bin|SQL)/ {
    deny all;
  }
 # A long browser cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page
  location ~* .(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|webp|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|css|js|ico|xml)$ {
       access_log        off;
       log_not_found     off;
       expires           360d;
  }
}

Save and close the file. Then test Nginx configurations.

sudo nginx -t

If the test is successful, reload Nginx for the changes to take effect.

sudo systemctl reload nginx

Now you should be able to see the Roundcube web-based install wizard at http://mail.example.com/installer.

Step 5: Enabling HTTPS

It’s highly recommended that you use TLS to encrypt your webmail. We can enable HTTPS by installing a free TLS certificate issued from Let’s Encrypt. Run the following command to install Let’s Encrypt client (certbot) on Ubuntu 18.04 server.

sudo apt install certbot

If you use Nginx, then you also need to install the Certbot Nginx plugin.

sudo apt install python3-certbot-nginx

Next, run the following command to obtain and install TLS certificate.

sudo certbot --nginx --agree-tos --redirect --hsts --staple-ocsp --email [email protected] -d mail.example.com

If you use Apache, install the Certbot Apache plugin.

sudo apt install python3-certbot-apache

And run this command to obtain and install TLS certificate.

sudo certbot --apache --agree-tos --redirect --hsts --staple-ocsp --email [email protected] -d mail.example.com

Where

  • --nginx: Use the nginx plugin.
  • --apache: Use the Apache plugin.
  • --agree-tos: Agree to terms of service.
  • --redirect: Force HTTPS by 301 redirect.
  • --hsts: Add the Strict-Transport-Security header to every HTTP response. Forcing browser to always use TLS for the domain. Defends against SSL/TLS Stripping.
  • --staple-ocsp: Enables OCSP Stapling. A valid OCSP response is stapled to the certificate that the server offers during TLS.

The certificate should now be obtained and automatically installed.

Note: If you followed my Postfix/Dovecot tutorial, and now you install Roundcube on the same server, then certbot will probably tell you that a certificate for mail.example.com already exists as shown below, so you can choose to install the existing TLS certificate to your web server configuration file.

Step 6: Finish the Installation in Web Browser

In your web browser, go to the Roundcube installer page.

https://mail.example.com/installer

The web installer will first check if PHP extensions, database and 3rd party libraries are installed. If you follow this tutorial, then all requirements should be met.

Click Next button. In the 2nd page, you need to fill in MariaDB database details that you created earlier.

The IMAP and SMTP section allows you to configure how to receive and submit email. Enter the following values for IMAP.

  • IMAP host: ssl://mail.example.com  port: 993

Enter the following values for SMTP settings.

  • SMTP port: tls://mail.example.com  port: 587

Next, you can scroll down to the Plugins section to enable some plugins. For example: the password plugin, mark as junk plugin and so on. I enabled all of them.

Once that’s done, click create config button which will create configuration based on the information you entered. You need to copy the configuration and save it as config.inc.php under the /var/www/roundcube/config/ directory.

Once the config.inc.php file is created, click continue button. In the final step, test your SMTP and IMAP settings by sending a test email and checking IMAP login.

If the test fails, then you can click the 2. Create config link on the top of page to go back to step 2 and recreate the config.inc.php file.

If test is successful, go to your Webmail domain without /installer and login.

Roundcube Webmail interface

Now you should remove the whole installer folder from the document root or make sure that enable_installer option in config.inc.php file is disabled.

sudo rm /var/www/roundcube/installer/ -r

These files may expose sensitive configuration data like server passwords and encryption keys to the public. Make sure you cannot access the installer page from your browser.

Configure the Sieve Message Filter

You can create folders in Roundcube webmail and then create rules to filter email messages into different folders. In order to do this, you need to install the ManageSieve server with the following command.

sudo apt install dovecot-sieve dovecot-managesieved

By default, Postfix uses its builtin local delivery agent (LDA) to move inbound emails to the message store (inbox, sent, trash, Junk, etc). We can configure it to use Dovecot to deliver emails, via the LMTP protocol, which is a simplified version of SMTP. LMTP allows for a highly scalable and reliable mail system and it is required if you want to use the sieve plugin to filter inbound messages to different folders.

Install the Dovecot LMTP Server.

sudo apt install dovecot-lmtpd

Edit the Dovecot main configuration file.

sudo nano /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf

Add lmtp to the supported protocols.

protocols = imap lmtp

Save and close the file. Then edit the Dovecot 10-master.conf file.

sudo nano /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf

Change the lmtp service definition to the following.

service lmtp {
 unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/dovecot-lmtp {
   group = postfix
   mode = 0600
   user = postfix
  }
}

Next, edit the Postfix main configuration file.

sudo nano /etc/postfix/main.cf

Add the following lines at the end of the file. The first line tells Postfix to deliver emails to local message store via the dovecot LMTP server.  The second line disables SMTPUTF8 in Postfix, because Dovecot-LMTP doesn’t support this email extension.

mailbox_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp
smtputf8_enable = no

Save and close the file. Finally, restart Postfix and Dovecot.

sudo systemctl restart postfix dovecot

Now you can go to Roundcube webmail, open an email message and click the more button and select create filters to create message filters. For example, I create a filter that moves every email sent from redhat.com to the Red Hat folder.

Wrapping Up

I hope this tutorial helped you install Roundcube Webmail on Ubuntu 18.04. As always, if you found this post useful,  subscribe to our free newsletter to get more tips and tricks 🙂

Rate this tutorial

[Total: 3 Average: 5]

, , , ,
Show Comments